The following is a list of personal information managers (PIMs) and online organizers.
Applications[edit]
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PIM application | Platform(s) | Software license | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
3D Topicscape | Windows | Commercial | organizes information into 3D landscapes |
Calendar | macOS | Commercial | Included with macOS |
Outlook Calendar on Outlook.com | Web | Freeware | Has a freeware offline client, Calendar (Windows) |
Gubb | Web | Freeware | |
CintaNotes | Windows | Freemium | organizes information as notes, grouped using tags |
DigiDrawer | Linux, Windows, macOS, others | Commercial | Organizes personal, properties, vehicles and business information for small groups |
eM Client | Windows | Freemium | Personal information manager, Email client, Calendaring software |
Evernote | macOS, Windows, Web, Android | Commercial | |
Evolution | Linux, Unix, GNOME | GPL | Included with GNOME |
Google Calendar | Web | Freeware | |
GroupWise | Linux, macOS, Windows, Web | Commercial | |
IBM Notes | Linux, macOS, Windows | Commercial | |
ical | Cross-platform | GPL | |
Kontact | Linux, Windows, Unix, macOS, KDE | GPL | Included with KDE |
Leo | Linux, Windows, macOS | MIT | Python-scriptable folding editor/IDE organized around multiple views (clones) of underlying text spread across files. Inspired by literate programming and similar to org-mode. |
Lightning | Linux, Windows, macOS, others | MPL, GPL, LGPL | Addon for the Thunderbird e-mail client |
Micasabook | Linux, Windows, macOS | Commercial | Organizes personal, properties, vehicles and business information for families |
Microsoft Outlook | Windows, macOS | Commercial | |
mobile PhoneTools | Windows | Commercial | |
MyInfo | Windows | Commercial | Free form personal information manager |
OneNote | Windows, macOS, Web, Android, Windows Phone | Freeware | Notes manager |
org-mode | Cross-platform | GPL | Integrates with Emacs BBDB for contact management support, web browsers for hyperlink storing support. Free iPhone and Android apps available (Orgzly, MobileOrg and Beorg) |
Outline | macOS, iOS | Commercial | |
Personal Knowbase | Windows | Commercial | Freeform note-taking organizer. Portable. |
Planz | Windows | MIT | Provides a single, integrative document-like view of personal information as an overlay to the user's file system. |
Plaxo | Web | Commercial | |
Remember the Milk | Web | Freemium | |
Tabbles | Windows | Freemium | Tagging and auto-tagging of files, emails and bookmarks. Tag-sharing for files on shared-drives or in the Cloud. |
TagSpaces | Cross-platform | AGPL | Offline application for PC, smartphone or tablet. Personal 'wiki' for project tracking and storage of information. |
Taskwarrior | Linux, semi-cross-platform (Windows Subsystem for Linux, Cygwin) | MIT | Time and task management tool with command-line interface. |
Things | macOS | Commercial | Task management and scheduling |
TiddlyWiki | Cross-platform | BSD 3-clause | Single HTML file application used directly in browser that facilitates content reuse. |
Tinderbox | macOS | Commercial | |
TopXNotes | macOS | Commercial | Hybrid personal note and information organizer |
Treasuremytext | Cross-platform | Commercial | Archiving personal messages |
Whizfolders | Windows | Commercial | Hybrid Note-taking software and outliner |
WikidPad | Cross-platform | BSD 3-clause | Python-based wiki-like outliner |
Windows Contacts | Windows | Commercial | Included with Windows 7, 8 and 10 |
Wrike | Web | Commercial | |
Yahoo! Calendar | Web | Freeware | |
Yojimbo | macOS | Commercial | 'Personal information manager' |
Zim | Cross-platform | GPL | Graphical text editor designed to maintain a collection of locally stored wiki-pages. |
SuperMemo | Windows | Commercial (with freeware older versions) | Spaced repetition, Incremental reading, Task management and more. |
Discontinued applications[edit]
PIM application | Platform(s) | Software license | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
askSam | DOS, Windows | Commercial | Free form database |
Backpack | Web | Commercial | Todo list and calendar |
Chandler | Linux, OS X, Windows | Apache | Free form approach based on Lotus Agenda |
Ecco Pro | Windows | Freeware | organizes information via full power outline and tag assignments. (Tags can contain text, numeric, or date data. Date data automatically mapped to calendar.) |
Google Notebook | Web | Freeware | deprecated by Google Docs, Google Keep |
Haystack | all operating systems with POSIX and Java | MIT | |
Hula | Linux | GPL | Replaced by Bongo project |
IBM Lotus Organizer | Windows | Commercial | 2003–2013 |
ideaList | DOS, Windows, Mac | Commercial | Free form database |
Lotus Agenda | DOS | Freeware | deprecated by IBM Lotus Organizer |
Meeting Maker | Linux, OS X, Solaris | Commercial | |
Microsoft Entourage | OS X | Commercial | deprecated by Microsoft Outlook for Mac |
MORE, GrandView | Classic Mac OS, DOS | Commercial | 1986–1990 |
Mozilla Calendar Project | Linux, BSD UNIX, OpenSolaris, Solaris, OS X, Windows, OS/2 | MPL | deprecated by Lightning |
Mozilla Sunbird | Linux, BSD UNIX, OpenSolaris, Solaris, OS X, Windows, OS/2 | MPL, GPL, LGPL | deprecated by Lightning |
Palm Desktop | Mac OS, Windows | Commercial | |
Sidekick | DOS, Windows | Commercial | 1983–1999 |
Spicebird | Cross-platform | GPL, LGPL, MPL | deprecated by Lightning |
See also[edit]
Comparisons[edit]
Lists[edit]
References[edit]
External links[edit]
- Freeware PIMs at Curlie
- Shareware PIMs for Windows at Curlie
- PIMs as Web Applications at Curlie
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Information mapping |
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Topics and fields |
Node–link approaches |
See also |
A personal knowledge base (PKB) is an electronic tool used to express, capture, and later retrieve the personal knowledge of an individual. It differs from a traditional database in that it contains subjective material particular to the owner, that others may not agree with nor care about. Importantly, a PKB consists primarily of knowledge, rather than information; in other words, it is not a collection of documents or other sources an individual has encountered, but rather an expression of the distilled knowledge the owner has extracted from those sources.[1][2][3]
The term personal knowledge base was mentioned as early as the 1980s,[4][5][6][7] but the term came to prominence when it was described at length in publications by computer scientist Stephen Davies and colleagues,[1][2] who compared PKBs on a number of different dimensions, the most important of which is the data model that each PKB uses to organize knowledge.[1]:18[3]
Davies and colleagues examined three aspects of the data models of PKBs:
- their structural framework, which prescribes rules about how knowledge elements can be structured and interrelated (as a tree, graph, tree plus graph, spatially, categorically, or as n-ary links);
- their knowledge elements, or basic building blocks of information that a user creates and works with, and the level of granularity of those knowledge elements (such as word/concept, phrase/proposition, free text notes, links to information sources, or composite); and
- their schema, which involves the level of formal semantics introduced into the data model (such as a type system and related schemas, keywords, attribute–value pairs, etc.).[1]:19–36
Personal Knowledge Management Software Mac Pro
Davies and colleagues also differentiated PKBs according to their architecture: file-based, database-based, or client–server systems (including Internet-based systems accessed through desktop computers and/or handheld mobile devices).[1]:37–41
Non-electronic personal knowledge bases have probably existed in some form for centuries: Da Vinci's notebooks are a famous example. More commonly, files of index cards (in German, Zettelkasten), edge-notched cards and annotated private libraries, have served this function in the pre-electronic age.[8] Undoubtedly the most famous early formulation of an electronic PKB was Vannevar Bush's description of the 'memex' in 1945.[1][2][9] In a 1962 technical report, human–computer interaction pioneer Douglas Engelbart (who would later become famous for his 1968 'Mother of All Demos' that demonstrated almost all the fundamental elements of modern personal computing) described his use of edge-notched cards to partially model Bush's memex.[10]
Personal Knowledge Management Software
Examples[edit]
Davies and colleagues mentioned the following as examples of software applications that have been used to build PKBs:[1]
- Open source
- Closed source
See also[edit]
- Notetaking
Personal Knowledge Management Tools
References[edit]
- ^ abcdefgDavies, Stephen; Velez-Morales, Javier; King, Roger (August 2005). Building the memex sixty years later: trends and directions in personal knowledge bases (Technical report). Boulder, Colo.: Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado at Boulder. CU-CS-997-05.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- ^ abcDavies, Stephen (February 2011). 'Still building the memex'. Communications of the ACM. 54 (2): 80–88. doi:10.1145/1897816.1897840.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- ^ abSee also the dissertation of Max Völkel, which examined personal knowledge data models, and proposed a meta-model called 'Conceptual Data Structures': Völkel, Max (January 2010). Personal knowledge models with semantic technologies (Ph.D. thesis). Karlsruhe: Faculty of Economics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, University of the State of Baden-Württemberg, and National Laboratory of the Helmholtz Association. doi:10.5445/IR/1000019641. OCLC837821583.
- ^Brooks, Tom (April 1985). 'New technologies and their implications for local area networks'. Computer Communications. 8 (2): 82–87. doi:10.1016/0140-3664(85)90218-X.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- ^Krüger, Gerhard (1986). 'Future information technology—motor of the 'information society''. In Henn, Rudolf (ed.). Employment and the transfer of technology. Berlin; New York: Springer-Verlag. pp. 39–52. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-71292-0_4. ISBN3540166394. OCLC14108228.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- ^Forman, George E. (1988). 'Making intuitive knowledge explicit through future technology'. In Forman, George E.; Pufall, Peter B. (eds.). Constructivism in the computer age. The Jean Piaget Symposium series. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. pp. 83–101. ISBN0805801014. OCLC16922453.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- ^Smith, Catherine F. (1991). 'Reconceiving hypertext'. In Hawisher, Gail E.; Selfe, Cynthia L. (eds.). Evolving perspectives on computers and composition studies: questions for the 1990s. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English. pp. 224–252. ISBN0814111661. OCLC23462809.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- ^For example, two articles that describe the use of edge-notched cards as a personal knowledge base in health and medicine are: Hoff, Wilbur (May 1967). 'A health information retrieval system for personal use'. Journal of School Health. 37 (5): 251–254. doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1967.tb00505.x. PMID5182183.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) And: Manning, Phil R.; DeBakey, Lois (1987). 'The personal information center'. Medicine, preserving the passion (1st ed.). New York: Springer-Verlag. pp. 57–71 (59). doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-1954-3_3. ISBN0387963618. OCLC13580831.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- ^Bush, Vannevar (July 1945). 'As we may think'. Atlantic Monthly. 176 (1): 101–108.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- ^Engelbart, Douglas C. (1962). 'Some possibilities with cards and relatively simple equipment'. Augmenting human intellect: a conceptual framework. Menlo Park, CA: Stanford Research Institute. OCLC8671016. Archived from the original on 2011-05-04. Retrieved 2018-08-12.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Personal Knowledge Management Software Mac Free
Mac Management Software
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